the Xia Dynasty

The Xia Dynasty began a period of family or clan control.

夏代开始，为期家庭或部族控制。

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China has a long history, and book collection can be traced to the Xia dynasty, the unique Chinese characteristics collection system had been formed until the late Qing dynasty.

中国的藏书历史源远流长，可以上溯至夏朝，至清末形成了独具中国特色的藏书制度。

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The Xia Dynasty ended. With the development of productivity and the increase of captures, the private ownership came into being gradually and doomed to be reflected in politics.

由于生产力的进步和俘虏的增加，私有财产制度逐渐出现了。

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The Origin of the Ritual System of Jade of Xia Dynasty

夏代礼玉制度探源

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The Xia Dynasty by then had not only erected city walls, but also established its own army, penal code and prisons.

夏朝时不仅建有城墙，还有军队、刑罚和监狱。

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The Xia Dynasty could restore its dominion and gain further development, only because it had relatively solid social foundation.

夏王朝因为拥有比较深厚的社会基础，才能恢复它的统治，并取得进一步的发展。

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Yu of the Xia Dynasty exploited the road towards civilization in the Huanghe River Basin.

夏禹的功业，据说开辟了黄河流域迈向文明的道路。

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Bronze wares are the formal appliances that are used when people began to live in architectures. From Xia Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, bronze wares, whose ornaments were varied and colorful, were in a period of great prosperity.

青铜器物是人类开始定居在建筑物中时，开始使用的正器，鼎盛时期大致在夏商周和春秋时期，其纹饰内容丰富多彩。

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The Xia Dynasty saw the first introduction in Chinese history of the slave system.

中国历史上最初进入奴隶社会是在夏朝。

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From the Xia Dynasty onwards, the primitive religion changed greatly.

自夏代开始，原始宗教的内容发生很大变化。

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Tang adopted Yi Yin's suggestions to stop paying tribute to the Xia Dynasty in order to sound out the strength of Jie.

汤还采纳伊尹的建议，停止朝贡夏朝以试夏桀的实力。

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Is the Xia Dynasty an intangible mirage?& A discussion with Mr. Chen Chun

夏代是杜撰的吗&与陈淳先生商榷

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Meteor showers and solar eclipses which oc-curred as far back as in the Xia Dynasty ( 2070BC ～ 1600BC) are recorded in ancient books, and are thought to be the earliest astronomical accounts in the world.

古书上关于夏朝（前2070年~前1600年）时流星雨和日食的记载，是世界天文史上最早的记录。

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Following its creation in the Xia Dynasty succeeding reigns continued to use the calendar but modified it from time to time.

继在夏王朝成功建立的王朝继续使用日历，但不时修改。

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Qi founded the Xia Dynasty ( 21st-16th century BC) and initiated the hereditary system of monarchy.

启建立了夏朝（公元前21世纪至公元前16世纪）并开启了君主世袭制。

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During the Xia Dynasty, there was a crack archer named Hou Yi.

夏朝时，有一位神射手，叫后裔。

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Farming exploiting history of Yu of the Xia Dynasty in the legend

度九山：夏禹传说的农耕开发史解读

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The Xia Dynasty was a transition from primitive society to slave society. At that time, all aspects of social life still reserved traces of primitive society.

夏代处在中国社会从原始社会向奴隶社会过渡的时期，社会生活的各个方面依然保存着原始社会的种种痕迹。

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From the Xia Dynasty onwards, Kings were endowed with supreme authority.

从夏朝开始，君主被赋予了至高无上的权力。

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He was the founder of the first slavery dynasty in Chinese history, which is called Xia.

今安徽省怀远县涂山之巅有“启母石”,相传是启的母亲,至今奉祀 、 瞻仰者不绝.

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Because its spatio-temporal range falls into the Xia Dynasty based on the historical record, the Erlitou culture becomes the primary object in exploring the first dynasty in Chinese history& the Xia Dynasty and its culture.

二里头文化是中国古代国家形成和发展的重要时期，加上它的年代和分布地区与文献记述的夏王朝的时间及范围大体一致，因此它也成了学术界探索夏王朝及其文化的主要对象。

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A Question About Whether the Xia Dynasty Existed in History

关于历史上是否存在夏朝的问题

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Three generations with constant development of society, it obey concrete content of system change to some extent too Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, especially the internal and external clothes of Western Zhou Dynasty are made and changed a great deal more than the former generation.

夏商周三代随着社会的不断发展，其内外服制度的具体内容也有所变化，尤其是西周的内外服制较前代有很大的变化。

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Shang Tang took this opportunity to revolt and overthrew the Xia Dynasty.

商汤抓住这个机会反抗并推翻了夏朝。

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